Copper mechanical, weight, dimensions, size, and physical properties are some of the key parameters in the industries of construction, piping, and HVAC, which are largely concerned with it. Those characteristics determine the qualifications and the function of copper pipes and tubes in different uses. Whether that it is concerning to the tensile strength for structural integrity or the weight for ease of handling during installation, the accuracy is the key. Our website has a detailed chart or PDF document with all the key parameters in place. Here engineers, contractors and enthusiasts could find the precise information they want to be able to make informed decisions. Our dependable tools allow users to be sure in their choice of the correct copper pipe or tube specifications considering their particular interest, which guarantees to achieve efficiency, durability, and security in their applications.
| Nominal size |
Outside diameter OD |
Inside diameter ID | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | mm | Type K | Type L | Type M | ||||
| in | mm | in | mm | in | mm | |||
| 1⁄4 | 3⁄8 | 9.5 | 0.305 | 7.747 | 0.315 | 8.001 | ||
| 3⁄8 | 1⁄2 | 12.7 | 0.402 | 10.211 | 0.430 | 10.922 | 0.450 | 11.430 |
| 1⁄2 | 5⁄8 | 15.875 | 0.528 | 13.411 | 0.545 | 13.843 | 0.569 | 14.453 |
| 5⁄8 | 3⁄4 | 19.05 | 0.652 | 16.561 | 0.668 | 16.967 | 0.690 | 17.526 |
| 3⁄4 | 7⁄8 | 22.225 | 0.745 | 18.923 | 0.785 | 19.939 | 0.811 | 20.599 |
| 1 | 1 1⁄8 | 28.575 | 0.995 | 25.273 | 1.025 | 26.035 | 1.055 | 26.797 |
| 11⁄4 | 1 3⁄8 | 34.925 | 1.245 | 31.623 | 1.265 | 32.131 | 1.291 | 32.791 |
| 11⁄2 | 1 5⁄8 | 41.275 | 1.481 | 37.617 | 1.505 | 38.227 | 1.527 | 38.786 |
| 2 | 2 1⁄8 | 53.975 | 1.959 | 49.759 | 1.985 | 50.419 | 2.009 | 51.029 |
| 21⁄2 | 2 5⁄8 | 66.675 | 2.435 | 61.849 | 2.465 | 62.611 | 2.495 | 63.373 |
| 3 | 3 1⁄8 | 79.375 | 2.907 | 73.838 | 2.945 | 74.803 | 2.981 | 75.717 |
| Nominal Size (inches) | Actual Outside Diameter (inches)(mm) | Tolerance on Outside Diameter (inches)(mm) | Wall Thickness (inches)(mm) | Weight (lb/ft) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed | Drawn | Nominal | Tolerance | ||||
| 1/4 | 3/8 | 0.375 9.52 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.035 0.889 | 0.0035 0.0889 | 0.133 |
| 3/8 | 1/2 | 0.500 12.7 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.049 1.24 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.269 |
| 1/2 | 5/8 | 0.625 15.9 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.049 1.24 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.344 |
| 5/8 | 3/4 | 0.750 19 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.049 1.24 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.418 |
| 3/4 | 7/8 | 0.875 22.2 | 0.003 0.0762 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.065 1.65 | 0.006 0.152 | 0.641 |
| 1 | 1 1/8 | 1.125 28.6 | 0.0035 0.0889 | 0.0015 0.0381 | 0.065 1.65 | 0.006 0.152 | 0.837 |
| 1 1/4 | 1 3/8 | 1.375 34.9 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.0015 0.0381 | 0.065 1.65 | 0.006 0.152 | 1.04 |
| 1 1/2 | 1 5/8 | 1.625 41.3 | 0.0045 0.114 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.072 1.83 | 0.007 0.178 | 1.36 |
| 2 | 2 1/8 | 2.125 54 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.083 2.11 | 0.008 0.203 | 2.06 |
| 2 1/2 | 2 5/8 | 2.625 66.7 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.095 2.41 | 0.010 0.254 | 2.92 |
| 3 | 3 1/8 | 3.125 79.4 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.109 2.77 | 0.011 0.279 | 4.00 |
| 3 1/2 | 3 5/8 | 3.625 92.1 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.120 3.05 | 0.012 0.305 | 5.12 |
| 4 | 4 1/8 | 4.125 105 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.134 3.4 | 0.013 0.33 | 6.51 |
| 5 | 5 1/8 | 5.125 130 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.160 4.06 | 0.016 0.406 | 9.67 |
| 6 | 6 1/8 | 6.125 156 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.192 4.88 | 0.019 0.483 | 13.87 |
| Nominal Size (inches) | Actual Outside Diameter (inches)(mm) | Tolerance on Outside Diameter (inches)(mm) | Wall Thickness (inches)(mm) | Weight (lb/ft) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed | Drawn | Nominal | Tolerance | ||||
| 1/4 | 3/8 | 0.375 9.52 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.030 0.762 | 0.003 0.0762 | 0.126 |
| 3/8 | 1/2 | 0.500 12.7 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.035 0.889 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.198 |
| 1/2 | 5/8 | 0.625 15.9 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.040 1.02 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.285 |
| 5/8 | 3/4 | 0.750 19 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.042 1.07 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.362 |
| 3/4 | 7/8 | 0.875 22.2 | 0.003 0.0762 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.045 1.14 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.455 |
| 1 | 1 1/8 | 1.125 28.6 | 0.0035 0.0889 | 0.0015 0.0381 | 0.050 1.27 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.655 |
| 1 1/4 | 1 3/8 | 1.375 34.9 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.0015 0.0381 | 0.055 1.4 | 0.006 0.152 | 0.884 |
| 1 1/2 | 1 5/8 | 1.625 41.3 | 0.0045 0.114 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.060 1.52 | 0.006 0.152 | 1.14 |
| 2 | 2 1/8 | 2.125 54 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.070 1.78 | 0.007 0.178 | 1.75 |
| 2 1/2 | 2 5/8 | 2.625 66.7 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.080 2.03 | 0.008 0.203 | 2.48 |
| 3 | 3 1/8 | 3.125 79.4 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.090 2.29 | 0.009 0.229 | 3.33 |
| 3 1/2 | 3 5/8 | 3.625 92.1 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.100 2.54 | 0.010 0.254 | 4.29 |
| 4 | 4 1/8 | 4.125 105 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.114 2.9 | 0.011 0.279 | 5.38 |
| 5 | 5 1/8 | 5.125 130 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.125 3.18 | 0.012 0.305 | 7.61 |
| 6 | 6 1/8 | 6.125 156 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.140 3.56 | 0.014 0.356 | 10.20 |
| Nominal Size (inches) | Actual Outside Diameter (inches)(mm) | Tolerance on Outside Diameter (inches)(mm) | Wall Thickness (inches)(mm) | Weight (lb/ft) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed | Drawn | Nominal | Tolerance | ||||
| 1/4 | 3/8 | 0.375 9.52 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.106 | ||
| 3/8 | 1/2 | 0.500 12.7 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.025 0.635 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.144 |
| 1/2 | 5/8 | 0.625 15.9 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.028 0.711 | 0.003 0.0762 | 0.203 |
| 5/8 | 3/4 | 0.750 19 | 0.0025 0.0635 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.263 | ||
| 3/4 | 7/8 | 0.875 22.2 | 0.003 0.0762 | 0.001 0.0254 | 0.032 0.813 | 0.003 0.0762 | 0.328 |
| 1 | 1 1/8 | 1.125 28.6 | 0.0035 0.0889 | 0.0015 0.0381 | 0.035 0.889 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.464 |
| 1 1/4 | 1 3/8 | 1.375 34.9 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.0015 0.0381 | 0.042 1.07 | 0.004 0.102 | 0.681 |
| 1 1/2 | 1 5/8 | 1.625 41.3 | 0.0045 0.114 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.049 1.24 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.94 |
| 2 | 2 1/8 | 2.125 54 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.058 1.47 | 0.006 0.152 | 1.46 |
| 2 1/2 | 2 5/8 | 2.625 66.7 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.065 1.65 | 0.006 0.152 | 2.03 |
| 3 | 3 1/8 | 3.125 79.4 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.072 1.83 | 0.007 0.178 | 2.68 |
| 3 1/2 | 3 5/8 | 3.625 92.1 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.083 2.11 | 0.008 0.203 | 3.58 |
| 4 | 4 1/8 | 4.125 105 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.095 2.41 | 0.010 0.254 | 4.66 |
| 5 | 5 1/8 | 5.125 130 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.109 2.77 | 0.011 0.279 | 6.66 |
| 6 | 6 1/8 | 6.125 156 | 0.005 0.127 | 0.002 0.0508 | 0.122 3.1 | 0.012 0.305 | 8.91 |
| Nominal tube size (inch) | Heat Carrying Capacity (103 Btu/hr) 1) (kW) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Friction Head (10-3 inH2O/ft of tube) (mmH2O/m) | ||||||||||||
| 920 76.6 | 600 50 | 480 40 | 360 30 | 300 25 | 240 20 | 180 15 | 150 12.5 | 120 10 | 90 7.5 | 75 6.25 | 60 5 | |
| 3/8 | 10 2.93 | 9 2.64 | 8 2.34 | 7 2.05 | 6 1.76 | 5.5 1.61 | 4.5 1.32 | 4 1.17 | 3.5 1.03 | 3 0.879 | 3 0.879 | 2.5 0.732 |
| 1/2 | 20 5.86 | 18 5.27 | 16 4.69 | 13.5 3.96 | 12 3.52 | 11 3.22 | 9 2.64 | 8 2.34 | 7 2.05 | 6 1.76 | 5 1.47 | 5 1.47 |
| 5/8 | 36 10.5 | 30 8.79 | 26 7.62 | 22 6.45 | 20 5.86 | 18 5.27 | 15 4.39 | 13 3.81 | 12 3.52 | 10 2.93 | 9 2.64 | 8 2.34 |
| 3/4 | 51 14.9 | 46 13.5 | 40 11.7 | 34 9.96 | 31 9.08 | 28 8.2 | 23 6.74 | 21 6.15 | 18 5.27 | 15 4.39 | 14 4.1 | 12 3.52 |
| 1 | 104 30.5 | 94 27.5 | 82 24 | 70 20.5 | 63 18.5 | 56 16.4 | 47 13.8 | 42 12.3 | 37 10.8 | 32 9.38 | 28 8.2 | 25 7.32 |
| 1 1/4 | 185 54.2 | 169 49.5 | 149 43.7 | 125 36.6 | 112 32.8 | 100 29.3 | 84 24.6 | 75 22 | 66 19.3 | 56 16.4 | 50 14.7 | 44 12.9 |
| 1 1/2 | 300 87.9 | 270 79.1 | 235 68.9 | 200 58.6 | 180 52.7 | 160 46.9 | 134 39.3 | 120 35.2 | 105 30.8 | 90 26.4 | 81 23.7 | 71 20.8 |
| 2 | 625 183 | 560 164 | 495 145 | 420 123 | 375 110 | 335 98.2 | 258 75.6 | 250 73.3 | 200 58.6 | 188 55.1 | 170 49.8 | 150 43.9 |
| 2 1/2 | 1130 331 | 1010 296 | 890 261 | 750 220 | 680 199 | 600 176 | 500 147 | 450 132 | 395 116 | 335 98.2 | 305 89.4 | 270 79.1 |
| 3 | 1840 539 | 1650 483 | 1450 425 | 1210 355 | 1100 322 | 980 287 | 820 240 | 740 217 | 650 190 | 550 161 | 490 144 | 420 123 |
| 3 1/2 | 2750 806 | 2480 727 | 2170 636 | 1840 539 | 1650 483 | 1450 425 | 1210 355 | 1100 322 | 980 287 | 820 240 | 740 217 | 650 190 |
| 4 | 3900 1143 | 3500 1026 | 3100 908 | 2600 762 | 2350 689 | 2090 612 | 1760 516 | 1580 463 | 1390 407 | 1180 346 | 1080 316 | 950 278 |
| Nominal or standard size (inches) | Nominal dimensions (inches) (mm) | Calculated values (based on nominal dimensions) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outside diameter | Inside diameter | Wall thickness | Cross sectional area of bore (square inches) | Weight of tube only (lb/ft)(kg/m) | Weight of tube & water (lb/ft)(kg/m) | Volume Contents of tube (per linear foot) | ||
| Cubic feet | Gallon | |||||||
| 1/4 | 0.375 9.52 | 0.305 7.75 | 0.035 0.889 | 0.073 | 0.133 0.198 | 0.177 0.263 | 0.00051 | 0.00379 |
| 3/8 | 0.500 12.7 | 0.402 10.2 | 0.049 1.24 | 0.127 | 0.269 0.4 | 0.324 0.482 | 0.00088 | 0.00660 |
| 1/2 | 0.625 15.9 | 0.527 13.4 | 0.049 1.24 | 0.218 | 0.344 0.512 | 0.438 0.652 | 0.00151 | 0.0113 |
| 5/8 | 0.750 19 | 0.652 16.6 | 0.049 1.24 | 0.334 | 0.418 0.622 | 0.562 0.836 | 0.00232 | 0.0174 |
| 3/4 | 0.875 22.2 | 0.745 18.9 | 0.065 1.65 | 0.436 | 0.641 0.954 | 0.829 1.23 | 0.00303 | 0.0227 |
| 1 | 1.125 28.6 | 0.995 25.3 | 0.065 1.65 | 0.778 | 0.837 1.25 | 1.18 1.76 | 0.00540 | 0.0404 |
| 1-1/4 | 1.375 34.9 | 1.245 31.6 | 0.065 1.65 | 1.22 | 1.04 1.55 | 1.57 2.34 | 0.00847 | 0.0634 |
| 1-1/2 | 1.625 41.3 | 1.481 37.6 | 0.072 1.83 | 1.72 | 1.36 2.02 | 2.10 3.13 | 0.0119 | 0.0894 |
| 2 | 2.125 54 | 1.959 49.8 | 0.083 2.11 | 3.01 | 2.06 3.07 | 3.36 5 | 0.0209 | 0.156 |
| 2-1/2 | 2.625 66.7 | 2.435 61.8 | 0.095 2.41 | 4.66 | 2.92 4.35 | 4.94 7.35 | 0.0324 | 0.242 |
| 3 | 3.125 79.4 | 2.907 73.8 | 0.109 2.77 | 6.64 | 4.00 5.95 | 6.87 10.2 | 0.0461 | 0.345 |
| 3-1/2 | 3.625 92.1 | 3.385 86 | 0.120 3.05 | 9.00 | 5.12 7.62 | 9.01 13.4 | 0.0625 | 0.468 |
| 4 | 4.125 105 | 3.857 98 | 0.134 3.4 | 11.7 | 6.51 9.69 | 11.6 17.3 | 0.0813 | 0.608 |
| 5 | 5.125 130 | 4.805 122 | 0.160 4.06 | 18.1 | 9.67 14.4 | 17.5 26 | 0.126 | 0.940 |
| 6 | 6.125 156 | 5.741 146 | 0.192 4.88 | 25.9 | 13.9 20.7 | 25.1 37.4 | 0.180 | 1.35 |
| 8 | 8.125 206 | 7.583 193 | 0.271 6.88 | 45.2 | 25.9 38.5 | 45.4 67.6 | 0.314 | 2.35 |
| 10 | 10.125 257 | 9.449 240 | 0.338 8.59 | 70.1 | 40.3 60 | 70.6 105 | 0.487 | 3.64 |
| 12 | 12.125 308 | 11.315 287 | 0.405 10.3 | 101 | 57.8 86 | 101 150 | 0.701 | 5.25 |
| Molecular Weight | 63.55 |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Reddish Metal |
| Melting Point | 1085 °C |
| Boiling Point | 2562 °C |
| Density | 8.96 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in H2O | N/A |
| Electrical Resistivity | 1.673 μΩ-cm @ 20 °C |
| Electronegativity | 1.90 Paulings |
| Heat of Fusion | 13.26 kJ ·mol-1 |
| Heat of Vaporization | 300.4 kJ ·mol-1 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 |
| Specific Heat | 0.39 kJ/kg K |
| Thermal Conductivity | 401 W ·m-1 ·K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | (25 °C) 16.5 µm·m-1·K-1 |
| Vickers Hardness | 369 MPa |
| Young's Modulus | 110–128 GPa |
| Physical Properties | Metric | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 8.70 - 8.94 g/cc |
Average value: 8.93 g/cc Grade Count:62
|
| Mechanical Properties | Metric | Comments |
| Hardness, Rockwell B | 10.0 - 80.0 |
Average value: 44.3 Grade Count:34
|
| Hardness, Rockwell F | 40.0 - 95.0 |
Average value: 69.4 Grade Count:48
|
| Hardness, Rockwell 30T | 25.0 - 64.0 |
Average value: 49.5 Grade Count:25
|
| Hardness, Vickers | 75.0 - 350 |
Average value: 160 Grade Count:4
|
| Tensile Strength, Ultimate | 215 - 930 MPa |
Average value: 318 MPa Grade Count:59
|
| Tensile Strength, Yield | 49.0 - 420 MPa |
Average value: 222 MPa Grade Count:50
|
| Elongation at Break | 1.50 - 55.0 % |
Average value: 26.6 % Grade Count:59
|
| Reduction of Area | 55.0 - 80.0 % |
Average value: 65.0 % Grade Count:8
|
| Modulus of Elasticity | 115 - 132 GPa |
Average value: 116 GPa Grade Count:61
|
| Poissons Ratio | 0.31 |
Average value: 0.310 Grade Count:58
|
| Fatigue Strength | 67.0 - 115 MPa |
Average value: 89.6 MPa Grade Count:14
|
| Machinability | 20.0 % |
Average value: 20.0 % Grade Count:58
|
| Shear Modulus | 44.0 GPa |
Average value: 44.0 GPa Grade Count:58
|
| Shear Strength | 150 - 230 MPa |
Average value: 178 MPa Grade Count:53
|
| Electrical Properties | Metric | Comments |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.00000169 - 0.0000133 ohm-cm |
Average value: 0.00000210 ohm-cm Grade Count:62
|
| Thermal Properties | Metric | Comments |
| CTE, linear | 16.0 - 17.7 µm/m-°C |
Average value: 17.3 µm/m-°C Grade Count:59
|
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.385 J/g-°C |
Average value: 0.385 J/g-°C Grade Count:58
|
| Thermal Conductivity | 383 - 391 W/m-K |
Average value: 390 W/m-K Grade Count:58
|
| Melting Point | 1020 - 1080 °C |
Average value: 1080 °C Grade Count:61
|
| Solidus | 1020 - 1080 °C |
Average value: 1070 °C Grade Count:16
|
| Liquidus | 1060 - 1080 °C |
Average value: 1080 °C Grade Count:16
|
| Annealing Point | 371 °C |
Average value: 371 °C Grade Count:58
|
| Processing Properties | Metric | Comments |
| Annealing Temperature | 375 - 650 °C |
Average value: 513 °C Grade Count:42
|
| Hot-Working Temperature | 750 - 875 °C |
Average value: 813 °C Grade Count:42
|
| Component Elements Properties | Metric | Comments |
| Copper, Cu | 96.4 - 100 % |
Average value: 99.8 % Grade Count:62
|
| Phosphorus, P | 0.00100 - 0.00500 % |
Average value: 0.00300 % Grade Count:13
|
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