The task of determining the proper pipe or tube for your project appears like a quest through the labyrinth. Today, it is almost impossible to choose. As there are numerous types, and each of them may have the different set of features needed for your particular purpose. This is the place to start using a pipe & tube properties chart as a guide through the visible world. It actually develops a holistic grasp of the vital attributes including chemical constituents, mechanical characteristics, mass, dimensions and physical attributes as all the above factors are necessary to draw the right conclusion. While the availability of such data is key, the secret is not in simply having access to the data. Deciphering what type of piping or tube is being used and what properties determine the optimum performance of those piping or tubes is a must. This section of the page tries to extensively analyze the data offered, providing a user with strong and crisp interpretations of each category that was staged out in the chart.
| NPS | DN(dimensionless) |
OD [in (mm)] |
Wall thickness [in (mm)] | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sch. 5s | Sch. 10 | Sch. 10s | Sch. 20 | Sch. 30 | Sch. 40 | Sch. Std./40S | Sch. 60 | Sch. 80 | Sch. 80s/XS | Sch. 100 | Sch. 120 | Sch. 140 | Sch. 160 | XXS | Std. Wt. | Sch. XS | |||
| 1⁄8 | 6 | 0.405 (10.29) | 0.035 (0.889) | 0.049 (1.245) | - | 0.057 (1.448) | 0.068 (1.727) | - | 0.095 (2.413) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| 1⁄4 | 8 | 0.540 (13.72) | 0.049 (1.245) | 0.065 (1.651) | - | 0.073 (1.854) | 0.088 (2.235) | - | 0.119 (3.023) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| 3⁄8 | 10 | 0.675 (17.15) | 0.049 (1.245) | 0.065 (1.651) | - | 0.073 (1.854) | 0.091 (2.311) | - | 0.126 (3.200) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| 1⁄2 | 15 | 0.840 (21.34) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.083 (2.108) | - | 0.095 (2.413) | 0.109 (2.769) | - | 0.147 (3.734) | - | - | - | - | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.294 (7.468) | - | - | ||
| 3⁄4 | 20 | 1.050 (26.67) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.083 (2.108) | - | 0.095 (2.413) | 0.113 (2.870) | - | 0.154 (3.912) | - | - | - | - | 0.219 (5.563) | 0.308 (7.823) | - | - | ||
| 1 | 25 | 1.315 (33.40) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | - | 0.114 (2.896) | 0.133 (3.378) | - | 0.179 (4.547) | - | - | - | - | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.358 (9.093) | - | - | ||
| 1+1⁄4 | 32 | 1.660 (42.16) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | - | 0.117 (2.972) | 0.140 (3.556) | - | 0.191 (4.851) | - | - | - | - | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.382 (9.703) | - | - | ||
| 1+1⁄2 | 40 | 1.900 (48.26) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | - | 0.125 (3.175) | 0.145 (3.683) | - | 0.200 (5.080) | - | - | - | - | 0.281 (7.137) | 0.400 (10.160) | - | - | ||
| 2 | 50 | 2.375 (60.33) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | - | 0.125 (3.175) | 0.154 (3.912) | - | 0.218 (5.537) | - | - | - | - | 0.344 (8.738) | 0.436 (11.074) | - | - | ||
| 2+1⁄2 | 65 | 2.875 (73.03) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.120 (3.048) | - | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.203 (5.156) | - | 0.276 (7.010) | - | - | 0.300 (7.620) | - | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.552 (14.021) | - | - | ||
| 3 | 80 | 3.500 (88.90) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.120 (3.048) | - | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.216 (5.486) | - | 0.300 (7.620) | - | - | 0.350 (8.890) | - | 0.438 (11.125) | 0.600 (15.240) | - | - | ||
| 3+1⁄2 | 90 | 4.000 (101.60) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.120 (3.048) | - | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.226 (5.740) | - | 0.318 (8.077) | - | - | - | - | - | 0.636 (16.154) | - | - | ||
| 4 | 100 | 4.500 (114.30) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.120 (3.048) | - | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.237 (6.020) | - | 0.337 (8.560) | - | - | 0.437 (11.100) | - | 0.531 (13.487) | 0.674 (17.120) | - | - | ||
| 4+1⁄2 | 115 | 5.000 (127.00) | - | - | - | - | 0.247 (6.274) | - | 0.355 (9.017) | - | - | - | - | - | 0.710 (18.034) | - | - | ||
| 5 | 125 | 5.563 (141.30) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.134 (3.404) | - | - | 0.258 (6.553) | - | 0.375 (9.525) | - | - | 0.500 (12.700) | - | 0.625 (15.875) | 0.750 (19.050) | - | - | ||
| 6 | 150 | 6.625 (168.28) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.134 (3.404) | - | - | 0.280 (7.112) | - | 0.432 (10.973) | - | - | 0.562 (14.275) | - | 0.719 (18.263) | 0.864 (21.946) | - | - | ||
| 7 | - | 7.625 (193.68) | - | - | - | - | 0.301 (7.645) | - | 0.500 (12.700) | - | - | - | - | - | 0.875 (22.225) | - | - | ||
| 8 | 200 | 8.625 (219.08) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.148 (3.759) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.277 (7.036) | 0.322 (8.179) | 0.406 (10.312) | 0.500 (12.700) | - | 0.593 (15.062) | 0.719 (18.263) | 0.812 (20.625) | 0.906 (23.012) | 0.875 (22.225) | - | - | ||
| 9 | - | 9.625 (244.48) | - | - | - | - | 0.342 (8.687) | - | 0.500 (12.700) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| 10 | 250 | 10.75 (273.05) | 0.134 (3.404) | 0.165 (4.191) | 0.165 (4.191) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.307 (7.798) | 0.365 (9.271) | 0.365 (9.271) | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.594 (15.088) | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.718 (18.237) | 0.843 (21.412) | 1.000 (25.400) | 1.125 (28.575) | - | - | - |
| 12 | 300 | 12.75 (323.85) | 0.156 (3.962) | 0.180 (4.572) | 0.180 (4.572) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.330 (8.382) | 0.406 (10.312) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.562 (14.275) | 0.687 (17.450) | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.843 (21.412) | 1.000 (25.400) | 1.125 (28.575) | 1.312 (33.325) | - | - | - |
| 14 | 350 | 14.00 (355.60) | 0.156 (3.962) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.312 (7.925) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.437 (11.100) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.593 (15.062) | 0.750 (19.050) | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.937 (23.800) | 1.093 (27.762) | 1.250 (31.750) | 1.406 (35.712) | - | - | - |
| 16 | 400 | 16.00 (406.40) | 0.165 (4.191) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.312 (7.925) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.656 (16.662) | 0.843 (21.412) | 0.500 (12.700) | 1.031 (26.187) | 1.218 (30.937) | 1.437 (36.500) | 1.594 (40.488) | - | - | - |
| 18 | 450 | 18.00 (457.20) | 0.165 (4.191) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.312 (7.925) | 0.437 (11.100) | 0.562 (14.275) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.750 (19.050) | 0.937 (23.800) | 0.500 (12.700) | 1.156 (29.362) | 1.375 (34.925) | 1.562 (39.675) | 1.781 (45.237) | - | - | - |
| 20 | 500 | 20.00 (508.00) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.218 (5.537) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.593 (15.062) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.812 (20.625) | 1.031 (26.187) | 0.500 (12.700) | 1.280 (32.512) | 1.500 (38.100) | 1.750 (44.450) | 1.968 (49.987) | - | - | - |
| 22 | 550 | 22.00 (558.80) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.218 (5.537) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) | - | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.875 (22.225) | 1.125 (28.575) | 0.500 (12.700) | 1.375 (34.925) | 1.625 (41.275) | 1.875 (47.625) | 2.125 (53.975) | - | - | - |
| 24 | 600 | 24.00 (609.60) | 0.218 (5.537) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.562 (14.275) | 0.687 (17.450) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.968 (24.587) | 1.218 (30.937) | 0.500 (12.700) | 1.531 (38.887) | 1.812 (46.025) | 2.062 (52.375) | 2.343 (59.512) | - | - | - |
| 26 | 650 | 26.000 (660.400) | - | 0.312 (7.925) | - | 0.500 (12.700) | - | 0.375 (9.525) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 28 | 700 | 28.000 (711.200) | - | 0.312 (7.925) | ? | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.625 (15.875) | 0.375 (9.525) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 30 | 750 | 30.000 (762.000) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.312 (7.925) | 0.312 (7.925) | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.625 (15.875) | 0.375 (9.525) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 32 | 800 | 32.000 (812.800) | - | 0.312 (7.925) | - | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.625 (15.875) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.688 (17.475) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 34 | 850 | 34.000 (863.600) | - | 0.312 (7.925) | - | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.625 (15.875) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.688 (17.475) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 36 | 900 | 36.000 (914.400) | - | 0.312 (7.925) | - | 0.500 (12.700) | 0.625 (15.875) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.75 (19.05) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 40 | 1000 | 40.000 (1,016.000) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 42 | 1050 | 42.000 (1,066.800) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 44 | 1100 | 44.000 (1,117.600) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 46 | 1150 | 46.000 (1,168.400) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 48 | 1200 | 48.000 (1,219.200) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 52 | 1300 | 52.000 (1,320.800) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 56 | 1400 | 56.000 (1,422.400) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 60 | 1500 | 60.000 (1,524.000) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 64 | 1600 | 64.000 (1,625.600) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 68 | 1700 | 68.000 (1,727.200) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 72 | 1800 | 72.000 (1,828.800) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.000 (25.400) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.500 (12.700) |
| 76 | 1900 | 76.000 (1,930.400) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 80 | 2000 | 80.000 (2,032.000) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 88 | 2200 | 88.000 (2,235.200) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 92 | 2300 | 92.000 (2,336.800) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 96 | 2400 | 96.000 (2,438.400) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 100 | 2500 | 100.000 (2,540.000) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 104 | 2600 | 104.000 (2,641.600) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 108 | 2700 | 108.000 (2,743.200) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Outside Diameter OD(in) | Weight (lb/ft)-(kg/m) | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wall Thickness (in)-(mm) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0.050 1.27 | 0.095 2.41 | 0.150 3.81 | 0.200 5.08 | 0.250 6.35 | 0.300 7.62 | 0.360 9.14 | 0.400 10.2 | 0.460 11.7 | 0.500 12.7 | 0.625 15.9 | 0.750 19 | 0.875 22.2 | 1.000 25.4 | 1.125 28.6 | 1.250 31.8 | |
| 1/2 | 0.2403 0.358 | 0.4109 0.611 | 0.5607 0.834 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 3/4 | 0.3738 0.556 | 0.6646 0.989 | 0.9612 1.43 | 1.175 1.75 | 1.335 1.99 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1 | 0.5073 0.755 | 0.9182 1.37 | 1.362 2.03 | 1.709 2.54 | 2.003 2.98 | 2.243 3.34 | 2.461 3.66 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1 1/4 | 0.6408 0.954 | 1.172 1.74 | 1.762 2.62 | 2.243 3.34 | 2.670 3.97 | 3.044 4.53 | 3.422 5.09 | 3.631 5.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1 1/2 | 0.7743 1.15 | 1.426 2.12 | 2.163 3.22 | 2.777 4.13 | 3.338 4.97 | 3.845 5.72 | 4.383 6.52 | 4.699 6.99 | 5.109 7.6 | 5.340 7.95 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2 | 1.041 1.55 | 1.933 2.88 | 2.964 4.41 | 3.845 5.72 | 4.673 6.95 | 5.447 8.11 | 6.305 9.38 | 6.835 10.2 | 7.566 11.3 | 8.010 11.9 | 9.178 13.7 | 10.01 14.9 | - | - | - | - |
| 2 1/2 | 1.308 1.95 | 2.440 3.63 | 3.765 5.6 | 4.913 7.31 | 6.008 8.94 | 7.049 10.5 | 8.228 12.2 | 8.971 13.4 | 10.02 14.9 | 10.68 15.9 | 12.52 18.6 | 14.02 20.9 | 15.19 22.6 | - | - | - |
| 3 | 1.575 2.34 | 2.947 4.39 | 4.566 6.8 | 5.981 8.9 | 7.343 10.9 | 8.651 12.9 | 10.15 15.1 | 11.11 16.5 | 12.48 18.6 | 13.35 19.9 | 15.85 23.6 | 18.02 26.8 | 19.86 29.6 | 21.36 31.8 | - | - |
| 4 | 2.109 3.14 | 3.962 5.9 | 6.168 9.18 | 8.117 12.1 | 10.01 14.9 | 11.85 17.6 | 14.00 20.8 | 15.38 22.9 | 17.39 25.9 | 18.69 27.8 | 22.53 33.5 | 26.03 38.7 | 29.20 43.5 | 32.04 47.7 | 34.54 51.4 | - |
| 5 | 2.643 3.93 | 4.977 7.41 | 7.770 11.6 | 10.25 15.3 | 12.68 18.9 | 15.06 22.4 | 17.84 26.5 | 19.65 29.2 | 22.30 33.2 | 24.03 35.8 | 29.20 43.5 | 34.04 50.7 | 38.55 57.4 | 42.72 63.6 | 45.56 67.8 | 50.06 74.5 |
| 6 | - | 5.991 8.92 | 9.372 13.9 | 12.39 18.4 | 15.35 22.8 | 18.26 27.2 | 21.68 32.3 | 23.92 35.6 | 27.22 40.5 | 29.37 43.7 | 35.88 53.4 | 42.05 62.6 | 47.89 71.3 | 53.40 79.5 | 58.57 87.2 | 63.41 94.4 |
| 8 | - | - | - | 16.66 24.8 | 20.69 30.8 | 24.67 36.7 | 29.37 43.7 | 32.47 48.3 | 37.04 55.1 | 40.05 59.6 | 49.23 73.3 | 58.07 86.4 | 66.58 99.1 | 74.76 111 | 82.60 123 | 90.11 134 |
| 10 | - | - | - | - | 26.03 38.7 | 31.08 46.3 | 37.06 55.2 | 41.01 61 | 46.87 69.8 | 50.73 75.5 | 62.58 93.1 | 74.09 110 | 85.27 127 | 96.12 143 | 106.6 159 | 116.8 174 |
| Pipe Size(inches) | Area of Metal(square inches) | Transverse Internal Area | Area Moment of Inertia - l -(inches4) | Weight Pipe(pounds per foot) | Weight Water(pounds per foot) | External Surface(square feet per foot of pipe) | Elastic Section Modulus- S -(in3) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - a -(square inches) | - A -(square feet) | |||||||
| 1/8 | 0.0548 0.0720 0.0925 | 0.0740 0.0568 0.0364 | 0.00051 0.00040 0.00025 | 0.00088 0.00106 0.00122 | 0.19 0.24 0.31 | 0.032 0.025 0.016 | 0.106 0.106 0.106 | 0.00437 0.00523 0.00602 |
| 1/4 | 0.0970 0.1250 0.1574 | 0.1320 0.1041 0.0716 | 0.00091 0.00072 0.00050 | 0.00279 0.00331 0.00377 | 0.33 0.42 0.54 | 0.057 0.045 0.031 | 0.141 0.141 0.141 | 0.01032 0.01227 0.01395 |
| 3/8 | 0.1246 0.1670 0.2173 | 0.2333 0.1910 0.1405 | 0.00162 0.00133 0.00098 | 0.00586 0.00729 0.00862 | 0.42 0.57 0.74 | 0.101 0.083 0.061 | 0.178 0.178 0.178 | 0.01736 0.02160 0.02554 |
| 1/2 | 0.1583 0.1974 0.2503 0.3200 0.3836 0.5043 | 0.3959 0.3568 0.3040 0.2340 0.1706 0.050 | 0.00275 0.00248 0.00211 0.00163 0.00118 0.00035 | 0.01197 0.01431 0.01709 0.02008 0.02212 0.02424 | 0.54 0.67 0.85 1.09 1.31 1.71 | 0.172 0.155 0.132 0.102 0.074 0.022 | 0.220 0.220 220 0.220 220 0.220 | 0.02849 0.03407 0.04069 0.04780 0.05267 0.05772 |
| 3/4 | 0.2011 0.2521 0.3326 0.4335 0.5698 0.7180 | 0.6648 0.6138 0.5330 0.4330 0.2961 0.148 | 0.00462 0.00426 0.00371 0.00300 0.00206 0.00103 | 0.02450 0.02969 0.03704 0.04479 0.05269 0.05792 | 0.69 0.86 1.13 1.47 1.94 2.44 | 0.288 0.266 0.231 0.188 0.128 0.064 | 0.275 0.275 0.275 0.275 0.275 0.275 | 0.04667 0.05655 0.07055 0.08531 0.10036 0.11032 |
| 1 | 0.2553 0.4130 0.4939 0.6388 0.8365 1.0760 | 1.1029 0.9452 0.8640 0.7190 0.5217 0.282 | 0.00766 0.00656 0.00600 0.00499 0.00362 0.00196 | 0.04999 0.07569 0.08734 0.1056 0.1251 0.1405 | 0.87 1.40 1.68 2.17 2.84 3.66 | 0.478 0.409 0.375 0.312 0.230 0.122 | 0.344 0.344 0.344 0.344 0.344 0.344 | 0.07603 0.11512 0.1328 0.1606 0.1903 0.2136 |
| 1 1/4 | 0.3257 0.4717 0.6685 0.8815 1.1070 1.534 | 1.839 1.633 1.495 1.283 1.057 0.630 | 0.01277 0.01134 0.01040 0.00891 0.00734 0.00438 | 0.1038 0.1605 0.1947 0.2418 0.2839 0.3411 | 1.11 1.81 2.27 3.00 3.76 5.21 | 0.797 0.708 0.649 0.555 0.458 0.273 | 0.435 0.435 0.435 0.435 0.435 0.435 | 0.1250 0.1934 0.2346 0.2913 0.3421 0.4110 |
| 1 1/2 | 0.3747 0.6133 0.7995 1.068 1.429 1.885 | 2.461 2.222 2.036 1.767 1.406 0.950 | 0.01709 0.01543 0.01414 0.01225 0.00976 0.00660 | 0.1579 0.2468 0.3099 0.3912 0.4824 0.5678 | 1.28 2.09 2.72 3.63 4.86 6.41 | 1.066 0.963 0.882 0.765 0.608 0.42 | 0.497 0.497 0.497 0.497 0.497 0.497 | 0.1662 0.2598 0.3262 0.4118 0.5078 0.5977 |
| 2 | 0.4717 0.7760 1.075 1.477 2.190 2.656 | 3.958 3.654 3.355 2.953 2.241 1.774 | 0.02749 0.02538 0.02330 0.02050 0.01556 0.01232 | 0.3149 0.4992 0.6657 0.8679 1.162 1.311 | 1.61 2.64 3.65 5.02 7.46 9.03 | 1.72 1.58 1.45 1.28 0.97 0.77 | 0.622 0.622 0.622 0.622 0.622 0.622 | 0.2652 0.4204 0.5606 0.7309 0.979 1.104 |
| 2 1/2 | 0.7280 1.039 1.704 2.254 2.945 4.028 | 5.764 5.453 4.788 4.238 3.546 2.464 | 0.04002 0.03787 0.03322 0.02942 0.02463 0.01710 | 0.7100 0.9873 1.530 1.924 2.353 2.871 | 2.48 3.53 5.79 7.66 10.01 13.69 | 2.50 2.36 2.07 1.87 1.54 1.07 | 0.753 0.753 0.753 0.753 0.753 0.753 | 0.4939 0.6868 1.064 1.339 1.638 1.997 |
| 3 | 0.8910 1.274 2.228 3.016 4.205 5.466 | 8.730 8.347 7.393 6.605 5.408 4.155 | 0.06063 0.05796 0.05130 0.04587 0.03755 0.02885 | 1.301 1.822 3.017 3.894 5.032 5.993 | 3.03 4.33 7.58 10.25 14.32 18.58 | 3.78 3.62 3.20 2.6 2.35 1.80 | 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.916 | 0.7435 1.041 1.724 2.225 2.876 3.424 |
| 3 1/2 | 1.021 1.463 2.680 3.678 | 11.545 11.104 9.886 8.888 | 0.08017 0.07711 0.06870 0.06170 | 1.960 2.755 4.788 6.280 | 3.48 4.97 9.11 12.50 | 5.00 4.81 4.29 3.84 | 1.047 1.047 1.047 1.047 | 0.9799 1.378 2.394 3.140 |
| 4 | 1.152 1.651 3.174 4.407 5.595 6.621 8.101 | 14.75 14.25 12.73 11.50 10.31 9.28 7.80 | 0.10245 0.09898 0.08840 0.07986 0.0716 0.0645 0.0542 | 2.810 3.963 7.233 9.610 11.65 13.27 15.28 | 3.92 5.61 10.79 14.98 19.0 22.51 27.54 | 6.39 6.18 5.50 4.98 4.47 4.02 3.38 | 1.178 1.178 1.178 1.178 1.178 1.178 1.178 | 1.249 1.761 3.214 4.271 5.178 5.898 6.791 |
| 5 | 1.868 2.285 4.300 6.112 7.953 9.696 11.340 | 22.44 22.02 20.01 18.19 16.35 14.61 12.97 | 0.1558 0.1529 0.1390 0.1263 0.1136 0.1015 0.0901 | 6.947 8.425 15.16 20.67 25.73 30.03 33.63 | 6.36 7.77 14.62 20.78 27.04 32.96 38.55 | 9.72 9.54 8.67 7.88 7.09 6.33 5.61 | 1.456 1.456 1.456 1.456 1.456 1.456 1.456 | 2.498 3.029 5.451 7.431 9.250 10.796 12.090 |
| 6 | 2.231 2.733 5.581 8.405 10.70 13.32 15.64 | 32.24 31.74 28.89 26.07 23.77 21.15 18.84 | 0.2239 0.2204 0.2006 0.1810 0.1650 0.1469 0.1308 | 11.85 14.40 28.14 40.49 49.61 58.97 66.33 | 7.60 9.29 18.97 28.57 36.39 45.35 53.16 | 13.97 13.75 12.51 11.29 10.30 9.16 8.16 | 1.734 1.734 1.734 1.734 1.734 1.734 1.734 | 3.576 4.346 8.496 12.22 14.98 17.81 20.02 |
| 8 | 2.916 3.941 6.57 7.26 8.40 10.48 12.76 14.96 17.84 19.93 21.30 21.97 | 55.51 54.48 51.85 51.16 50.03 47.94 45.66 43.46 40.59 38.50 37.12 36.46 | 0.3855 0.3784 0.3601 0.3553 0.3474 0.3329 0.3171 0.3018 0.2819 0.2673 0.2578 0.2532 | 26.44 35.41 57.72 63.35 72.49 88.73 105.7 121.3 140.5 153.7 162.0 165.9 | 9.93 13.40 22.36 24.70 28.55 35.64 43.39 50.95 60.71 67.76 72.42 74.69 | 24.06 23.61 22.47 22.17 21.70 20.77 19.78 18.83 17.59 16.68 16.10 15.80 | 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 2.258 | 6.131 8.212 13.39 14.69 16.81 20.58 24.51 28.14 32.58 35.65 37.56 38.48 |
| 10 | 4.36 5.49 8.24 10.07 11.90 16.10 18.92 22.63 26.24 30.63 34.02 | 86.29 85.28 82.52 80.69 78.86 74.66 71.84 68.13 64.53 60.13 56.75 | 0.5992 0.5922 0.5731 0.5603 0.5475 0.5185 0.4989 0.4732 0.4481 0.4176 0.3941 | 63.0 76.9 113.7 137.4 160.7 212.0 244.8 286.1 324.2 367.8 399.3 | 15.19 18.65 28.04 34.24 40.48 54.74 64.43 77.03 89.29 104.13 115.64 | 37.39 36.95 35.76 34.96 34.20 32.35 31.13 29.53 27.96 26.06 24.59 | 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 2.814 | 11.71 14.30 21.15 25.57 29.90 39.43 45.54 53.22 60.32 68.43 74.29 |
| 12 | 6.17 7.11 9.82 12.87 14.58 15.77 19.24 21.52 26.03 31.53 36.91 41.08 47.14 | 121.50 120.57 117.86 114.80 113.10 111.93 108.43 106.16 101.64 96.14 90.76 86.59 80.53 | 0.8438 0.8373 0.8185 0.7972 0.7854 0.7773 0.7528 0.7372 0.7058 0.6677 0.6303 0.6013 0.5592 | 122.4 140.4 191.8 248.4 279.3 300.3 361.5 400.4 475.1 561.6 641.6 700.5 781.1 | 20.98 24.17 33.38 43.77 49.56 53.52 65.42 73.15 88.63 107.32 125.49 139.67 160.27 | 52.65 52.25 51.07 49.74 49.00 48.50 46.92 46.00 44.04 41.66 39.33 37.52 34.89 | 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 3.338 | 19.2 22.0 30.2 39.0 43.8 47.1 56.7 62.8 74.6 88.1 100.7 109.9 122.6 |
| 14 | 6.78 8.16 10.80 13.42 16.05 18.66 21.21 24.98 31.22 38.45 44.32 50.07 55.63 | 147.15 145.78 143.14 140.52 137.88 135.28 132.73 128.96 122.72 115.49 109.62 103.87 98.31 | 1.0219 1.0124 0.9940 0.9758 0.9575 0.9394 0.9217 0.8956 0.8522 0.8020 0.7612 0.7213 0.6827 | 162.6 194.6 255.3 314.4 372.8 429.1 483.8 562.3 678.3 824.4 929.6 1027.0 1117.0 | 23.07 27.73 36.71 45.61 54.57 63.44 72.09 85.05 106.13 130.85 150.79 170.28 189.11 | 63.77 63.17 62.03 60.89 59.75 58.64 57.46 55.86 53.18 50.04 47.45 45.01 42.60 | 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 3.665 | 23.2 27.8 36.6 45.0 53.2 61.3 69.1 80.3 98.2 117.8 132.8 146.8 159.6 |
| 16 | 8.21 9.34 12.37 15.38 18.41 24.35 31.62 40.14 48.48 56.56 65.78 72.10 | 192.85 191.72 188.69 185.69 182.65 176.72 169.44 160.92 152.58 144.50 135.28 128.96 | 1.3393 1.3314 1.3103 1.2895 1.2684 1.2272 1.1766 1.175 1.0596 1.0035 0.9394 0.8956 | 257.3 291.9 383.7 473.2 562.1 731.9 932.4 1155.8 1364.5 1555.8 1760.3 1893.5 | 27.90 31.75 42.05 52.27 62.58 82.77 107.50 136.61 164.82 192.43 223.64 245.25 | 83.57 83.08 81.74 80.50 79.12 76.58 73.42 69.73 66.12 62.62 58.64 55.83 | 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 4.189 | 32.2 36.5 48.0 59.2 70.3 91.5 116.6 144.5 170.5 194.5 220.0 236.7 |
| 18 | 9.25 10.52 13.94 17.34 20.76 24.17 27.49 30.79 40.64 50.23 61.17 71.81 80.66 90.75 | 245.22 243.95 240.53 237.13 233.71 230.30 226.98 223.68 213.83 204.24 193.30 182.66 173.80 163.72 | 1.7029 1.6941 1.6703 1.6467 1.6230 1.5990 1.5763 1.5533 1.4849 1.4183 1.3423 1.2684 1.2070 1.1369 | 367.6 417.3 549.1 678.2 806.7 930.3 1053.2 1171.5 1514.7 1833.0 2180.0 2498.1 2749.0 3020.0 | 31.43 35.76 47.39 58.94 70.59 82.15 93.45 104.67 138.17 170.92 207.96 244.14 274.22 308.50 | 106.26 105.71 104.21 102.77 101.18 99.84 98.27 96.93 92.57 88.50 83.76 79.07 75.32 70.88 | 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 4.712 | 40.8 46.4 61.1 75.5 89.6 103.4 117.0 130.1 168.3 203.8 242.3 277.6 305.5 335.6 |
| Physical Properties | Metric | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Density- | 7.80 - 8.00 g/cc | Density usually ranges from 7.8 - 7.9 g/cc for carbon and low alloy steels. Stainless steels typically have densities around 8 g/cc. |
| Mechanical Properties | ||
| Hardness, Brinell- | 121 | Varies widely with composition and heat treatment. |
| Hardness, Knoop- | 140 | Varies widely with composition and heat treatment. |
| Hardness, Vickers- | 126 | Varies widely with composition and heat treatment. |
| Tensile Strength, Ultimate- | 420 MPa | This is the value for AISI 1020, a mild steel. Values can range from 295 - 2400 MPa, depending on composition and heat treatment. |
| Tensile Strength, Yield- | 350 MPa | AISI 1020 Steel. Yield strength varies as Ultimate Tensile Strength values, from 200 - 2100 MPa. |
| Elongation at Break- | 15 % | AISI 1020. Generally as hardness and tensile strength goes up, elongation goes down. |
| Modulus of Elasticity- | 200 GPa | - |
| Bulk Modulus- | 140 GPa | - |
| Poissons Ratio- | 0.25 | Calculated |
| Machinability- | 65 % | for 1020 steel. Varies from 0 - 100, Based on 100% machinability for AISI 1212 steel. |
| Shear Modulus- | 80.0 GPa | - |
| Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Resistivity- | 0.0000170 ohm-cm | - |
| Thermal Properties | ||
| CTE, linear | 9.50 - 12.6 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 °C |
steels generally range between 9.5-12.6 µm/m°C |
| - | 11.7 µm/m-°C @Temperature 0.000 - 250 °C |
average |
| - | 12.8 µm/m-°C @Temperature 0.000 - 500 °C |
average |
| - | 13.9 µm/m-°C @Temperature 0.000 - 1000 °C |
average |
| Specific Heat Capacity- | 0.470 J/g-°C | - |
| Thermal Conductivity- | 44.0 - 52.0 W/m-K | - |
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