Phosphor bronze, an alloy consisting mostly of copper, tin and phosphorus, is widely used in musical instruments today. The compositions are of the chemical kind and comprise approximately of tin and phosphorus with the rest of the copper. These characteristics are obtained due to the fact that, phosphor and copper add to the strength of the material, at the same time keeping the corrosion rate to the minimum while still keeping the high electrical conductivity. Degree of phosphor bronze alloys is derived from the alloys that are based on specific compositions (chemical elements), which in turn determine what applications will do. The following chats communicate such a useful data that enables designers and engineers to make informed decisions about the right alloy for their needs. Also include tables, charts and documents have properties such as tensile strength, thermal conductivity, and machinability. Such information is useful in assists manufacturers and engineers in choosing the best material for the specific application.
Phosphor bronze, for example, is a multi-talented material because its mechanical properties are given a boost by the addition of phosphorus to copper. The chemical composition of this material commosaionally has copper (Cu) ranking from 85% to 95%, phosphorus (P) from 0.01%to 0.35% and tin (Sn) up to 10%. Its versatility, presence of two metals, allows carbon steel to acquire great strength, anti-corrosion feature, and electrical conductivity that is actually used in a wide range of technologies such as electrical connectors, springs and musical instruments. The composition table acts as a foundation of the design of materials that has the properties required and is consistent and reliable. Multiple industries opt for these particular attributes.
Element | Typical Percentage by Weight | Maximum Allowable Impurity (%) |
---|---|---|
Copper (Cu) | 87-90 | - |
Tin (Sn) | 9-11 | - |
Phosphorus (P) | 0.03-0.35 | - |
Lead (Pb) | Trace - 0.05 | 0.1 |
Zinc (Zn) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.1 |
Iron (Fe) | Trace - 0.1 | 0.2 |
Nickel (Ni) | Trace - 0.1 | 0.2 |
Aluminum (Al) | Trace - 0.1 | 0.1 |
Silicon (Si) | Trace - 0.1 | 0.1 |
Manganese (Mn) | Trace - 0.1 | 0.1 |
Sulfur (S) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Antimony (Sb) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Arsenic (As) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Bismuth (Bi) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Cadmium (Cd) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Chromium (Cr) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Selenium (Se) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Tellurium (Te) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Titanium (Ti) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Vanadium (V) | Trace - 0.02 | 0.05 |
Other Elements | Trace - 0.5 | 0.5 |
Grade | Composition (Percentages) | Industry Standards |
---|---|---|
C51000
|
Cu 94.7%, Sn 5.0%, P 0.3%
|
ASTM B103, B139, B159
|
C51900
|
Cu 89.8%, Sn 10.0%, P 0.2%
|
ASTM B103, B139, B159
|
C52100
|
Cu 87.0%, Sn 8.5%, P 4.5%
|
ASTM B103, B139, B159
|
C54400
|
Cu 80.0%, Sn 10.0%, P 10.0%
|
ASTM B103, B139, B159
|
C5101
|
Cu 95.8%, Sn 3.5%, P 0.7%
|
JIS H5111
|
C5191
|
Cu 88.5%, Sn 10.0%, P 1.5%
|
JIS H5111
|
C5212
|
Cu 86.0%, Sn 7.5%, P 6.5%
|
JIS H5111
|
PB102
|
Cu 88.5%, Sn 10.0%, P 1.5%
|
BS 2874
|
PB104
|
Cu 87.0%, Sn 9.5%, P 3.5%
|
BS 2874
|
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